The precious resin that bees produce to protect themselves, and which nature also places at your service
Behind honey and royal jelly lies a third treasure of the hive, more discreet but just as fascinating: propolis. This resinous material, which bees produce to seal and protect their colony, has been used by humans since antiquity for its remarkable virtues. Let's discover together what it is, where it comes from, and why it deserves a place in your wellness routine.
What is propolis?
Forager bees collect resin from the buds and bark of certain trees (poplars, birches, conifers), then mix it with wax and their own enzymes. The result is a sticky, fragrant substance that bees use to plug cracks in the hive, ensure it is airtight, and prevent the development of bacteria and fungi inside the colony. It is, in a way, the hive’s collective immune system.
A rich and complex composition
Propolis contains several hundred active compounds, including:
- Flavonoids and phenolic acids, which are responsible for its antibacterial action
- Beeswax and plant resins
- Essential oils and pollen
- Vitamins (A, B, C, E) and minerals (zinc, calcium, magnesium, iron)
Its color and exact composition vary depending on the region, the season, and the tree species visited: there are brown, green, red, and even black varieties of propolis, each with its own aromatic signature and specific characteristics.
Traditionally recognized benefits
- Respiratory comfort: traditionally used during the winter to support the throat and bronchi
- Immune system support: its antioxidant compounds contribute to the body's natural defenses
- Skin care: used in cosmetics to soothe sensitive or irritated skin
- Oral comfort: present in certain oral hygiene products
How to use it daily
Propolis is consumed in several forms: as a tincture (liquid extract to be diluted), in capsules, as a throat spray, or simply mixed with a spoonful of honey. Many combine it with thyme or fir honey for a combined effect, taken daily during periods of seasonal vulnerability.
Frequently asked questions
Is propolis suitable for everyone?
People allergic to bee products or pollen should avoid it and seek advice from a healthcare professional before any use.
Can propolis be given to children?
Some forms, such as white propolis, are considered gentler, but medical advice is still recommended before use in children.
In what form is propolis most effective?
It depends on the intended use: tincture for internal use, spray for the throat, or cream for the skin.
Does propolis have a particular taste?
Yes, its taste is resinous and slightly bitter, which is why it is often combined with honey.
How should propolis be stored?
Away from light and heat, in a tightly closed container, to preserve its active compounds.